Environmental Conservation: This includes understanding various conservation strategies, environmental laws and policies, conservation of natural resources (water, soil, forests), and sustainable development practices. Key concepts involve protected areas like national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, biodiversity conservation efforts, and the role of international agreements such as the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

Biodiversity: You will study the diversity of life forms, including the concepts of species richness, endemism, and extinction. Topics include the importance of biodiversity, biodiversity hotspots, and threats to biodiversity such as habitat loss, overexploitation, and invasive species. You’ll also cover the role of institutions and initiatives aimed at preserving biodiversity, like the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and various national biodiversity action plans.

Climate Change: This involves understanding the science of climate change, including greenhouse gases, global warming, and the impacts on ecosystems and human societies. You’ll also study mitigation and adaptation strategies, international climate agreements (e.g., the Paris Agreement), and national policies related to climate change. This section often includes discussions on the impacts of climate change on agriculture, health, and natural disasters.